must have

cognizance
Acquittal

Application of mind during taking cognizance means to contemplate on the material submitted and not checking veracity of the same

dying declaration
Acquittal

“She told us everything” is not dying declaration instead witness must depose what exactly deceased told him/her

poa personal knowledge
General

N.I Act: Knowledge of Power of Attorney of an individual payee must be specifically stated and in the case of company being a payee the authorised person who has knowledge would be sufficient

preliminary enquiry
Cr.P.C

Preliminary Enquiry: There is no provision for a preliminary enquiry under Section 13 or Section 17 of the PC Act only Lalita Kumari case headed it

summons
BNSS

Section 204 Cr.P.C: No need to issue summons first; the accused’s attendance can best be secured at the court’s discretion by issuing a bailable or non-bailable warrant

suppression
Acquittal

N.I Act: Certain documents were suppressed in the statement on oath and made out a false case

cbi investigation
Acquittal

Constitutional courts are fully empowered to direct for CBI investigation but not on the basis of “ifs” and “buts”

preliminary enquiry
Acquittal

First judgment explaining Provision & Procedure to do Preliminary Enquiry under BNSS with example: Supreme Court Quashes FIR Against Poet Imran Pratapgadhi

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